No known caption (According to Struan Robertson, washing conditions at the mines were primitive. Shower rooms were crowded with men trying to bathe while others did their meager laundry.)
(Struan Robertson and others report that Johannesburg city benches were inscribed for whites only. There were no "blacks only" benches in Johannesburg; blacks sat on the curbstones.)
"All stand packed together on the floors and seats." —House of Bondage, 1967 (According to Struan Robertson, a photojournalist and a friend of Cole's, tsotsis [thugs or street criminals] used the extreme crowding on black trains to rob passengers, especially on payday.)
"Handcuffed blacks were arrested for being in white areas illegally."—House of Bondage, 1967 (According to musician Julian Bahula, a childhood friend of Cole's, the law forbade photography of people being handcuffed by the police.)
"Township mother fights losing battle to keep son, age nine, from running off to live life of the streets. She tries to assert authority with threats: 'What's your future going to be like without an education?' But it is too late; the boy—called Papa—is out of control." —House of Bondage, 1967
No known caption (South African photojournalist Struan Robertson and others believe that this image was taken at a mine dance. White spectators were divided from black spectators by a rope.)
"Leonford Ganyile was hopeful for future and studied for his matriculation by the light of a paraffin lamp. He later escaped across Botswana border." —caption to a similar image by Ernest Cole found in House of Bondage, 1967
!["All stand packed together on the floors and seats." —House of Bondage, 1967 (According to Struan Robertson, a photojournalist and a friend of Cole's, tsotsis [thugs or street criminals] used the extreme crowding on black trains to rob passengers, especially on payday.)](https://media.cnn.com/api/v1/images/stellar/prod/140905174605-3-ernest-cole-photograph.jpg?q=w_1024,h_576,x_0,y_0,c_fill/h_447)
