The evolution of the humanoid robot —
Picture the scene: You walk into a coffee shop and order a cappuccino. The young man behind the counter hands you a drink and wishes you a pleasant day with a Colgate smile. Suddenly his expression drops, his face turns stiff, there's a muted bang and some smoke emerges from his nose. He crashes to the ground in an almighty rigid clunk.Could this be the fate of some poor future android? Will malfunction one day be the only means of telling human and robot apart?
Here, CNN takes you through the evolution of the robot: from literary fancy to paranoid androids with artificial brains and emotional baggage.
Gallery by Monique Rivalland
1920: The world's first 'robot' —
It turns out man has feared robots rebellion since the word robot was coined. It was Czech playwright Karel Čapek in his 1920 play "Rossum's Universal Robots" ("R.U.R.") that the term was coined to describe his factory-made people who, in his play, went from serving humans ("robota" is Czech for forced labor) to revolting and rendering them extinct.
1928: A very British robot —
Even British robots have afternoon tea, don't you know? Eric -- the first British robot ever to exist -- seemed to believe he had an example to set. The invention of the Englishman Captain W.H. Richards, Eric was able to turn his head and take a bow. Presumably Eric v2.0 loved to queue and always said please, thank you and sorry.
1932: The alpha robot —
After 14 years and thousands of dollars, the young British scientist Harry May claimed to have made "the perfect robot". Alpha the robot could talk, sing, laugh, tell the time and date, fire a revolver and whistle (but only for half an hour). Perfect.
1934: Mac the Mechanical Man —
Move over David Hasselhoff. these ladies have found a real man to take for a dip in ocean. Well, perhaps not, but at 250 pounds, 7.5 feet tall and with a steely look in his eyes, Mac the Mechanical Man had a certain allure on Venice Beach back in the 1930s. What the picture doesn't show is his inventor Leighton Hilbert, who, just a few meters away is fiddling with Mac's remote controls. Way to cramp his style, Hilbert.
1939: Smoking robot —
Look we've all got our vices ok? Even tin men. The most pointless function for any robot ever, devised purely as a means to resemble man, electrical engineer Charles Lawson built a robot that could smoke. You have to feel for the robot -- a coerced addict. Shame on you Mr Lawson.
1950: Talking bots, Turing Test —
So, they can walk the walk and talk the talk but can they actually think, wondered computer scientist Alan Turing. In 1950 he devised the Turing Test: a test to determine whether a robot can display intelligent behavior indistinguishable from a human. The idea is simple -- a person communicates with a human and a machine through a wall and if they can't tell who's responding, the machine passes.
1975: Carwash bot —
But who cares if they're big thinkers anyway? As long as they can perform simple tasks like washing the car and the kitchen, feeding the cat, and cooking dinner. Or picking up the kids from school, paying the bills, ANY OF THE ABOVE? What are robots good for anyway?
1976: Robotic traffic warden —
Ah yes, they make fabulous traffic wardens. Mr Sam here was tried out by French road authorities near the Arc de Triomphe in the Seventies, to warn motorists of approaching roadworks. His job was effectively just to hold a flag up for a very, very long time.
1998: Express yourself —
Mr Sam the traffic warden may be unwavering in his mood, despite having one of the world's most monotonous jobs, but by the Nineties Japanese professor Yoshiyuki Miwa decided robots should have the right to let us know when they're a little bit peeved. He developed the Eye Robot which has the ability to express emotions through its eyes such as joy, sadness, anger and embarrassment.
2006: Actroid android —
OK so we seem to like making robots look like humans. But this guy had to take it one step further and build a mechanical version of himself, complete with imitation mannerisms and facial expressions. Hiroshi Ishiguro is the director of Japan's Intelligent Robotics Laboratory, who developed the first "actroid," a humanoid robot with features and functions almost indistinguishable from a human's.
2007: My perfect woman —
Austin Powers thought he had found his perfect woman, until bullets starting firing at him from her brassiere. Here's hoping Le Trung's Aiko fembot doesn't come with such a severe drawback, especially considering the inventor spent his entire life's savings plus a few credit card loans to make her. Aiko, Japanese for "beloved one", can make tea and coffee, tell the weather, read a magazine and is the first android to react to physical stimuli and mimic pain.
2011: Human robot love —
Swoon! What a stud. Biceps, kissable lips ... what more could a girl want? 2011 was the year that human-robot love became a genuine area of research. But what would happen if the attraction between the robot and human wasn't mutual. A lonely robot hearts column perhaps? Certainly Business Insider's 13 sexiest robots ever made won't have to worry.
2013: First robot suicide —
Last month it was a dark day for robotics as the world's media reported the first "robot suicide". A family came home to find the remains of their cleaning bot the Irobot Roomba 760 in the kitchen. The robot had been switched off before they left the house, but had reactivated itself and moved along the kitchen surface to the hotplate, where it began to melt and then burn, leaving just a small pile of ashes. Mocking reporters suggested that a life that only consisted of chores was no life at all. You really can't blame him.
