February 28, 2023 - Russia-Ukraine news

Our live coverage of Russia’s war in Ukraine has moved here.

Economic advisor Alexander Rodnyansky is seen during an appearance on CNN on Tuesday, February 28.

Ukrainian forces, engaged in a months-long brutal fight with Russian forces around the city of Bakhmut, could “strategically pull back” if needed, an advisor to President Volodymyr Zelenksy said Tuesday.

When questioned further about the timeline, Rodnyansky told CNN it was up to the military to decide if a withdrawal was needed.

He added that the region west of Bakhmut has been fortified. “If we were to pull back, that wouldn’t necessarily mean that the Russians would be able to advance very quickly, afterward,” Rodnyansky said, adding:

Some context: The battle around Bakhmut has been Ukraine’s biggest military challenge. Ukrainian soldiers have described a worsening situation on the ground as Russian forces apply pressure. “The most difficult situation, still, is in Bakhmut and the battles that are essential for the defense of the city,” Zelensky said in his nightly video message Tuesday. 

Ukrainian service members ride BMP-2 infantry fighting vehicles near the frontline city of Bakhmut, Ukraine, on February 27.

Ukraine’s biggest challenge is defending the city of Bakhmut, President Volodymyr Zelensky said in his nightly video message Tuesday.

“The most difficult situation, still, is in Bakhmut and the battles that are essential for the defense of the city,” he said.

Zelensky added Russia was suffering heavy losses around the eastern city, based on an update from his commanders. “Russia is not counting people at all, continuously sending them to attack our positions. The intensity of the fighting is growing,” he said.

Here are the latest headlines:

Ukraine’s biggest challenge is defending the city of Bakhmut, President Volodymyr Zelensky said in his nightly video message Tuesday.

Zelensky said Russia was suffering heavy losses around the eastern city, based on an update from his commanders. “Russia is not counting people at all, continuously sending them to attack our positions. The intensity of the fighting is growing,” he said.

His account tallies with what commanders on the ground have reported about the intensity of Russian assaults and the casualties they have sustained.

There were also over 30 Russian attacks on the Kherson region in the south, the president said.

A building damaged by a Russian military strike in the frontline city of Bakhmut, Ukraine, on February 27.

Russian forces are pounding the eastern city of Bakhmut, but they have not seized control, Ukrainian commanders said Tuesday.

There has been an uptick in Russia’s use of combat planes to target Ukrainian defenses around Bakhmut, according to social media videos and accounts of Ukrainian troops in the area.

Russian ground forces are trying to break through Ukrainian positions using groups of up to 20, according to Mykyta Shandyba, head of the press office of the 10th separate mountain assault brigade. “We are repelling all attacks,” he told Ukrainian television.

In its operational update, the military’s General Staff said Tuesday that Ukrainian forces had repelled attacks in a number of settlements to the north and west of Bakhmut (Dubovo-Vasylivka, Bohdanivka, Chasiv Yar).

The war in Ukraine must end with strategic failure for Russia, a top Pentagon official said Tuesday.

Celeste Wallander speaks during the House Appropriations Committee hearing on Tuesday.

The US has not found any evidence that weapons it has provided to Ukraine have been found outside of Ukraine, according to the assistant secretary of defense for international security affairs.

“Instead, we see Ukraine’s frontline units effectively employing security assistance every day on the battlefield,” Celeste Wallander told the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense.

The US has adapted its accountability practices for combat environments to avoid the risk of illicit diversion, she added.

Another top Pentagon official, Lt. General Douglas Sims, stated that there are no reports that weapons have gone missing from Ukraine, and it would not be in the interest of the Ukrainians to get rid of them.

Finland has begun construction of barrier fences on its eastern border with Russia. 

The Finish Border Guard said in a statement that the pilot phase of the eastern border barrier fence project began on Tuesday.

The project, launched at the end of 2022, includes plans to build a 130 to 260-kilometer (80 to 161 miles) fence along the country’s 1,300-kilometer eastern border. 

Remember: The Finnish border was one of the few entry points for Russians after many Western countries shut their air space and borders to Russian planes in response to the Ukraine invasion. Helsinki closed its border at the end of September 2022, around the time traffic over the frontier intensified as Russians tried to flee President Vladimir Putin’s “partial mobilization” of hundreds of thousands of citizens to fight in the war. More than 8,500 Russians crossed the border in one day alone.

In an earlier statement, the Finish Border Guard said the fence would not be built along the entire length of the border but instead would focus on border crossing points and other riskier areas.

Funding has been granted for the project’s pilot phase, as well as the implementation of the most important target areas, which are set to be constructed between 2023 and 2025.

CNN’s James Frater and Xiaofei Xu contributed reporting to this post.

Correction: A previous version of this post stated that Finland is part of NATO. It is currently seeking to join the alliance, along with Sweden.

A senior Defense Department official argued against providing F-16s and the necessary training to Ukraine at this time because of how long it would take, its cost and Ukraine’s most urgent priorities as the war passes the one-year mark. 

Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Colin Kahl said it would take 18 months to provide F-16s to Ukraine and train their pilots on flying the fourth-generation fighter. The cost of doing so would quickly drain the authorized money for providing US aid to Ukraine, Kahl said, when F-16s are not one of the top three priorities for Kyiv right now. 

“It’s just hard for me to tell any member of Congress or the American people that the best use of that dollar spent right now is on F-16s,” Kahl told Tuesday’s House Armed Services Committee hearing on the oversight of US aid to Ukraine.

Kahl said Ukraine’s top three priorities remain air defenses, artillery and armor, which he said Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky emphasized to President Joe Biden during their meeting in Kyiv last week. 

The cost of sending 36 older F-16s to Ukraine, which is approximately half of what the US Air Force estimates Ukraine will ultimately need to replace its Soviet-era fighters, will cost about $2-3 billion, Kahl said.

He added that providing Ukraine with new F-16s would take between three to six years.

Kahl also said Ukraine may receive different fighter jets, such as the British Tornado or Swedish Gripen, which require completely different training. He said it “doesn’t make sense” to train Ukrainians on the F-16 system if they might not receive it.

Colin Kahl, Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, testifies during a House Armed Services Committee hearing on February 28.

Russia does not have the resources for an “unconstrained” nuclear arms race, according to US Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Colin H. Kahl, when asked about Russian President Vladimir Putin’s decision to suspend the nuclear arms treaty, New START.

“Frankly, Russia is in no position for an unconstrained nuclear arms race. They do not have the money, especially given the strain on their military from the war, sanctions, export controls. So, you know, I think this was a way for him to generate some rhetorical headlines. But I think as a practical matter, it has not changed the situation,” Kahl told lawmakers on the House Armed Services Committee Tuesday. 

If Moscow uses nuclear weapons of any kind as part of their ongoing invasion of Ukraine, top US officials have made it “very clear” that the consequences would be severe, he added.

While he noted that there needs to be vigilance given Russia remains a dangerous power with a lot of nuclear weapons, he said it’s unlikely Moscow will use nuclear weapons. 

Kahl testifies during a House Armed Services Committee hearing on Tuesday.

“They were already out of compliance with the inspections regime using Covid and other things as excuses. It’s also interesting that Putin decided to suspend, as opposed to leave the treaty. I think that’s actually an indication that it’s not effective leverage over us,” Kahl told lawmakers.

The Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant on November 24, 2022.

The head of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Rafael Grossi, expressed concern on Tuesday about Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, citing delays in staff rotations, an increased security presence on-site, and nearby fighting.

“The sound of artillery fire near Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant (ZNPP) and the temporary loss of its only remaining backup power line have again underlined persistent nuclear safety and security risks during the military conflict in the country,” Grossi said in a statement.

The IAEA said its team members stationed at the plant heard around 20 “detonations” on Monday afternoon, writing they were “apparently in the vicinity of the plant.” It also cited an increased security presence on site over recent weeks.

“This is a concerning trend that shows the urgency and importance of establishing a nuclear safety and security protection zone at the Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant,” Grossi stressed.

He also raised concerns about continued delays for the rotation of the IAEA experts on site, saying the current team should have been replaced more than three weeks ago and that he hopes the rotation can finally occur later this week. 

The UN nuclear agency also confirmed that the plant’s backup power line was restored on Sunday afternoon after losing power twice on Saturday morning. It said the disconnection occurred on the other side of the Dnipro river.

On Tuesday, a top State Department official said that “in many ways, China has been supporting Russia’s war in Ukraine from the beginning,” even if it hasn’t provided lethal aid.

Additionally, the United States has already blacklisted a bevy of Chinese companies for supporting Russia, a top Commerce Department official also said.

Thirteen Chinese entities have also been added to the Entities List by the US Commerce Department for providing support to Russia, including one “that was supplying parts to the Iranian drone program,” Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security at the Commerce Department Alan Estevez said a House Foreign Affairs Committee hearing.

Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs Daniel Kritenbrink noted that the US has “made very clear that we will not hesitate to take steps to hold to account PRC entities that assist Russia.”

Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs Daniel Kritenbrink testifies during a hearing at the US Capitol in 2021.

“And we’ve made that very clear to the Chinese. The Secretary certainly did so in Munich, and of course, the President and the national security adviser have done so directly to the Chinese on previous occasions,” he said.

Secretary of State Antony Blinken has repeatedly accused Beijing of trying to have it “both ways” on the war.

Speaking at the House Foreign Affairs Committee hearing, Kritenbrink noted that Beijing has disseminated Russian propaganda and used its own disinformation “to support Russia’s war there and to blame, inappropriately, the war on the west, the United States, and NATO.”

“We’ve seen China’s stepping up its economic engagement and purchases from Russia,” Kritenbrink said.

Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a law Tuesday that formally suspends Russia’s participation in the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START). 

“The Russian Federation suspends the Treaty between the Russian Federation and the United States of America on measures for the further reduction and limitation of strategic offensive arms, signed in Prague on April 8, 2010,” the text of the law’s explanatory note said.

Putin said last week that Russia was suspending participation in the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, but it was not withdrawing from it. 

Russia’s Foreign Ministry also said Moscow will continue to respect the caps established in the treaty and reiterated that Putin’s suspension of the treaty is “reversible.”

The Russian president is the one who can make the decision to resume the country’s participation in the agreement. 

Some context: The treaty is the last in a long series of nuclear treaties between the US and Russia, previously the Soviet Union. It puts limits on the number of deployed intercontinental-range nuclear weapons that both the US and Russia can have. It was last extended in early 2021 for five years, meaning the two sides would soon need to begin negotiating on another arms control agreement.

The treaty was already essentially paused since Russia had recently refused to open up its arsenal to inspectors.

A top US State Department official said Monday that the United States “very much” hopes Russia is still interested in arms control, but Putin’s decision to suspend New START participation calls the interest into question.

“By tying it to Ukraine right now, tying it to an immovable object in the sense that our support for Ukraine will not be limited by their New START decision, they’re really placing in doubt their support for the treaty itself,” Assistant Secretary for the Bureau of Arms Control, Verification, and Compliance Mallory Stewart said.

CNN’s Jennifer Hansler, Rob Picheta, Anna Chernova, Nathan Hodge, Lauren Kent and Radina Gigova contributed to this post.

Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin, left, meets with Soldiers assigned to 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Infantry Division and U.S. Army Europe and Africa’s 7th Army Training Command supporting combined arms training of Ukrainian Armed Forces battalions in Grafenwoehr, Germany, on February 17.

A top US defense official told the House Armed Services Committee that the US and its allies have now trained more than 4,000 members of the Ukrainian military. 

 The US military has also been training Ukrainians on the Patriot missile system at Fort Still, Oklahoma, and Sims announced that the training will be finished soon.  

“US armed forces will soon complete the training and equipping of Ukraine’s first Patriot battery,” Sims told the Committee.

This is the first time the Pentagon has specified when that training may end.

“We are confident the Ukrainians will employ Patriots with the same expertise they are demonstrating every day with their current air defense capabilities,” Sims added.

An F-16C Fighting Falcon flies at the Nevada Test and Training Range, on September 14, 2007, near Indian Springs, Nevada.

The House Armed Services Committee has determined the possibility of sending F-16 fighter jets to Ukraine “is not a wise use of the resources that are necessary to win the fight,” according to the top-ranking Democrat on the committee.

Smith added that the F-16 would “struggle to survive” on the battlefield.

More on the divide over supplying F-16 fighter jets to Ukraine: As some outspoken Republican lawmakers threaten to block future aid to Ukraine, a small group of House GOP members who traveled to the country recently vowed to consider a list of key weapons and other crucial necessities during a meeting with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, sources familiar with the meeting told CNN.

Zelensky, who met with House Foreign Affairs committee chairman Michael McCaul and four other House GOP members, told the group he planned to send them a list of weapons, which includes F-16 fighter jets, that he believes are necessary to speed up the end of the war with Russia.

Zelenky’s specific goal of obtaining US F-16 fighter jets has become an increasingly controversial ask. Both President Joe Biden and General Mark Milley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, have previously opposed such a move due to concerns about how it could escalate the conflict.

But the argument against providing F-16s is becoming more difficult to make as senior military leaders have privately acknowledged to GOP lawmakers in recent days that those weapons would help Ukraine win the war, according to a source familiar.

Last week, Gen. Christopher Cavoli, supreme allied commander for Europe and head of US European command, told 10 GOP lawmakers in a closed-door briefing that F-16s would help Ukraine win. Asked if that was the case, Cavoli said “yes,” the source said, confirming details first reported by Politico.

While Cavoli’s comments go further than what senior US officials have said publicly, they also reflect diverging views within the Pentagon – notably splitting with the more cautious approach of Milley who has long been wary of any move that could provoke Russian escalation, according to multiple sources familiar with the matter.

Read more about this here.

With previous reporting from Alayna Treene and Zachary Cohen

A Ukrainian drone has crashed near Kolomna in Russia’s Moscow region, according to Gov. Andrey Vorobyov on his Telegram channel.

“This happened near the village of Gubastovo, the target was probably a civilian infrastructure facility, it was not damaged. There are no casualties or destruction on the ground,” the head of the region said. “The FSB and other competent authorities are dealing with the situation, nothing threatens the safety of residents.”

Russian state news agency RIA Novosti posted a photograph of the drone, which appeared to resemble a Ukrainian-made UJ-22 attack drone. The UJ-22 is capable of traveling up to 800 kilometers (or about 500 miles).

It’s unclear where or when the photograph of the crashed drone was taken.

Also Tuesday, the Russian Ministry of Defense reported electronic warfare systems had suppressed Ukrainian drones that tried to attack Krasnodar and neighboring Adygea in southwestern Russia.

RIA Novosti also reported the Russian military shot down a Ukrainian drone over the Surazh region near the Belarus border.

CNN is unable to independently verify the claims. The Ukrainian authorities have not commented on any drone attacks into Russian territory. 

Russian artillery shelled civilian parts of Kherson city Tuesday, killing 4 and wounding 5, the Kherson regional military administration (RMA) said.

“A total of 4 people have been killed and 5 wounded in Kherson region as a result of Russian army strikes.”

One of those killed was a 71-year-old Kherson resident, who suffered shrapnel wounds.

One woman was rescued from under the rubble of her home. “Doctors are now doing everything possible to save her,” the RMA said.

The village of Komyshany just west of the city was also shelled. A 45-year-old man was killed, while a 68-year-old woman died in Mykolaivka.

Russian forces shelled liberated parts of Kherson almost every day from the east bank of the Dnipro, which they still hold.

The Ukrainian military’s Operational Command South said Tuesday that Russia was occasionally moving sabotage groups on the estuary of the Dnipro. “Our units destroyed two such boats,” it said.

The Command said that in the Black Sea, “the enemy ship grouping has been significantly increased, despite the moderate sea storm. There are 17 ships there now, including 5 missile carriers and 2 submarines. The total volley of Kalibr-type missiles can reach 32 missiles.”

The Kalibr is one of the more powerful and accurate cruise missiles in the Russian arsenal.

Russian President Vladimir Putin gives a speech during a meeting of the Federal Security Service (FSB) Board in Moscow, Russia, on February 28.

Russian President Vladimir Putin told members of the country’s Federal Security Service (FSB) on Tuesday that counterintelligence should be strengthened to counter Western intelligence services.

“In general, it is necessary to strengthen the line of counterintelligence,” Putin said, adding that he believes “they have thrown additional personnel, technical and other resources against us.”

“We need to respond accordingly,” he said in his speech to the FSB.

Putin said important information about Russia’s control systems, military and law enforcement structures, defense industry enterprises, critical technologies and personal data “must be reliably protected,” adding that “this fully applies to information about the latest Russian weapons and equipment.”

The Russian president reiterated his claims of “terrorism” from Kyiv, as Moscow continues its full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

Putin told the FSB to work together with law enforcement agencies and “act decisively and offensively; use the entire arsenal of operational, analytical and other means.”

“At the same time, it is necessary to constantly keep in sight objects of critical infrastructure, places of mass stay of people, transport hubs, enterprises of the military-industrial complex and the fuel and energy complex,” he added.

He also said it is necessary to develop regional segments of Russia’s nationwide system of countering terrorism, including in the regions of Ukraine that he claimed to annex in defiance of international law.

A doctor who is still in the city of Bakhmut has told CNN she is very scared by the constant shelling and the sound of the fighting.

Elena Molchanova continues to work in Bakhmut even as the fighting comes closer to the city, which is virtually cut off from humanitarian relief.

“I’m really scared. But I’m sure everything will be OK,” she said.

She said people with heart problems and those needing bandaging after an injury were those who most often came for help. She said she changes dressings for those who have been hurt.

Molchanova said that food and water were no longer being brought to the city. “Volunteers are coming very rarely.” She said she has some stock left and can survive.

Before the war, Molchanova worked as a specialist in infectious diseases, but now she treats patients as a general practitioner. 

She spoke to CNN via text message as calls from the city are difficult because of a lack of connections.

There are thought to be several thousand civilians still in Bakhmut, though the exact number is unknown. Routes into and out of the city have become much more dangerous in recent weeks, with several aid missions coming under fire. 

RUSSIA-POLITICS-SECURITYRussian President Vladimir Putin gives a speech as Federal Security Service Director Alexander Bortnikov sits at the table during a meeting of the Federal Security Service (FSB) Board in Moscow, Russia, on February 28.

Russian President Vladimir Putin said Tuesday it is important for Russia to establish and strengthen resources of Russian security entities in the regions he proclaimed annexed from Ukraine. 

“It is worth paying increased attention to the formation of security agencies in the Luhansk People’s Republic (LPR), Donetsk People’s Republic (DPR), Zaporizhzhia and Kherson regions. Strengthen their operational staff resources,” Putin said in opening remarks at a Federal Security Service (FSB) meeting. 

Key background: In late September 2022, Putin proclaimed Russia would seize of nearly a fifth of Ukraine, following so-called referendums in the regions that were universally dismissed as “shams” by Ukraine and Western nations.

Under the annexation process, which is illegal under international law, Moscow recognized four Ukrainian regions as Russian territory: Luhansk and Donetsk – home to two Russian-backed breakaway republics where fighting has been ongoing since 2014 – as well as Kherson and Zaporizhzhia, despite Ukraine controlling parts of those regions.

CNN’s Joshua Berlinger, Anna Chernova and Tim Lister contributed to this post.