Even after a hurricane’s immediate flooding threat goes away, residents could face a host of potential health problems from the water — and what it leaves behind.
Floodwater is more than just rain. It’s often contaminated with sewage, bacteria and chemicals. Sharp objects made of metal or glass can also hide in the murky water.
Here are some of the health dangers to be aware of:
Sickness from floodwater
Floodwater can carry disease. In the US, people who come into contact with contaminated floodwater or eat or drink something that has, could experience bouts of diarrhea and other stomach problems. Floodwater can contaminate drinking water, especially from private wells, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said. Those wells need to be tested before using if they come into contact with floodwater.
For municipal water, state and local health departments will make recommendations about whether it needs to be boiled or treated before using.
Health-related cleanup challenges
Doctors often see more respiratory infections after floodwaters recede and people are allowed to return to their homes. Contamination from floodwaters and the mold that quickly grows in a warm environment like those in Florida or Georgia can exacerbate asthma or trigger allergies.
The CDC advises wearing rubber boots and gloves when cleaning up homes and avoiding direct contact with any item that has been in floodwater. Experts also recommend wearing a mask or respirator.
Risks from standing water
Floods typically flush out mosquitoes and interrupt their breeding cycle, but when the water recedes, there is an increased risk of infection with a mosquito-borne illness like West Nile or, as one 2019 study showed, Zika.
The CDC suggests people who are working or living near standing water take extra care to use bug spray with DEET or picaridin. Wear long sleeves, pants and socks outdoors, even if it is warm, to prevent mosquito bites.
Standing water can also be electrically charged due to fallen power lines that are submerged or those that are underground but still live. With this comes a risk of electrocution.
Click here to see the full list of health-related flood dangers and tips to stay safe.